Hot Articles
2020, 51(10): 1-4.
Abstract：
In the past 50 years, China’s coal mine safety has made great achievements, realizing historical transformation from high accidents, fatality and growth to low accidents, fatality, and negative growth. All these achievements are the results of great attention and concern of the Communist Party of China and government, the strengthening of the legal system, the innovation of the system and mechanism for the management of production safety and the progress of coal science and technology. In a long period, the main position and role of coal in China’s primary energy structure will not change and the energy policy of “coal-based and diversified development” will not change. Xi Jinping thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era has pointed out the direction of work safety of coal mines. The supply-side structural reform of coal has provided a mechanism for the root cause of coal mine safety production, and the modernization of the coal industry governance system and governance capacity has promoted the transformation of coal mine safety production from traditional management to modernized management, thus making the development prospect of coal mine safety production more bright and broad.
In the past 50 years, China’s coal mine safety has made great achievements, realizing historical transformation from high accidents, fatality and growth to low accidents, fatality, and negative growth. All these achievements are the results of great attention and concern of the Communist Party of China and government, the strengthening of the legal system, the innovation of the system and mechanism for the management of production safety and the progress of coal science and technology. In a long period, the main position and role of coal in China’s primary energy structure will not change and the energy policy of “coal-based and diversified development” will not change. Xi Jinping thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era has pointed out the direction of work safety of coal mines. The supply-side structural reform of coal has provided a mechanism for the root cause of coal mine safety production, and the modernization of the coal industry governance system and governance capacity has promoted the transformation of coal mine safety production from traditional management to modernized management, thus making the development prospect of coal mine safety production more bright and broad.
Abstract：
To explore the role of scientific and technological innovation in China’s coal industry in promoting coal mine safety, the data of three indicators, namely, the number of papers published in the field of coal mine safety, the number of science and technology awards and awards in the coal industry, and the number of patents authorized in the coal industry, were sorted out from 2002 to 2020. The correlation between the three indexes and coal mine safety is calculated by statistical analysis method, and the results are all strongly negative correlation, which indicates that with the development of scientific and technological innovation in the coal industry, China’s coal mine safety level is constantly improving. At the same time, the development of coal mine safety in China over the past 40 years has been sorted out. 7 428 relevant literatures from 1980 to 2020 on CNKI.com have been taken as analysis samples. The results show that the institutions with more research in this field are China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Chongqing Research Institute and Shenyang Research Institute; in the research hotspot of coal mine safety, the mechanism research, monitoring, control and evaluation of gas accidents are the key research directions; in the evolution of coal mine safety frontier, it can be divided into three stages. However, the keywords, such as coal mine informatization, Internet of things, perception, cloud computing and intelligence run through the whole process, showing a new form due to the passage of time. This shows that, based on the development of coal mine information technology, it will lead the development direction of coal industry in a deeper level in the future.
To explore the role of scientific and technological innovation in China’s coal industry in promoting coal mine safety, the data of three indicators, namely, the number of papers published in the field of coal mine safety, the number of science and technology awards and awards in the coal industry, and the number of patents authorized in the coal industry, were sorted out from 2002 to 2020. The correlation between the three indexes and coal mine safety is calculated by statistical analysis method, and the results are all strongly negative correlation, which indicates that with the development of scientific and technological innovation in the coal industry, China’s coal mine safety level is constantly improving. At the same time, the development of coal mine safety in China over the past 40 years has been sorted out. 7 428 relevant literatures from 1980 to 2020 on CNKI.com have been taken as analysis samples. The results show that the institutions with more research in this field are China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Chongqing Research Institute and Shenyang Research Institute; in the research hotspot of coal mine safety, the mechanism research, monitoring, control and evaluation of gas accidents are the key research directions; in the evolution of coal mine safety frontier, it can be divided into three stages. However, the keywords, such as coal mine informatization, Internet of things, perception, cloud computing and intelligence run through the whole process, showing a new form due to the passage of time. This shows that, based on the development of coal mine information technology, it will lead the development direction of coal industry in a deeper level in the future.
2020, 51(10): 24-33,38.
Abstract：
Roof disaster is an important hidden danger affecting the safety of coalmines. This paper summarized the types, locations, causes and developing trend of roof accidents in the past decade, and studied the characteristics of coalmine roof accidents in China. On the basis of previous analysis, the paper introduced the controlling techniques for dealing with coalmine roof disasters, including the geo-mechanical test and evaluation of surrounding rock in mining area and surrounding rock control technology of roadway and working face; in the aspects of roadway surrounding rock control, there are coal and rock geological mechanics testing technology and equipment, bolt support technology, grouting reinforcement technology, deep high-stress and strong mining roadway pressure relief technology, and complex section support technology; working face surrounding rock control technology includes hydraulic support, hard and difficult-to-span roof weakening technology, broken roof reinforcement and comprehensive control technology. Although the number of roof accidents and the number of deaths in China’s coal mines have decreased significantly in the past 10 years, roof accidents are still the most frequent accidents in China’s coal mines. Since 2017, roof accidents have rebounded, and there is still a long way to go in the prevention and control of roof disasters.
Roof disaster is an important hidden danger affecting the safety of coalmines. This paper summarized the types, locations, causes and developing trend of roof accidents in the past decade, and studied the characteristics of coalmine roof accidents in China. On the basis of previous analysis, the paper introduced the controlling techniques for dealing with coalmine roof disasters, including the geo-mechanical test and evaluation of surrounding rock in mining area and surrounding rock control technology of roadway and working face; in the aspects of roadway surrounding rock control, there are coal and rock geological mechanics testing technology and equipment, bolt support technology, grouting reinforcement technology, deep high-stress and strong mining roadway pressure relief technology, and complex section support technology; working face surrounding rock control technology includes hydraulic support, hard and difficult-to-span roof weakening technology, broken roof reinforcement and comprehensive control technology. Although the number of roof accidents and the number of deaths in China’s coal mines have decreased significantly in the past 10 years, roof accidents are still the most frequent accidents in China’s coal mines. Since 2017, roof accidents have rebounded, and there is still a long way to go in the prevention and control of roof disasters.
Abstract：
For the prevention of coal and gas outburst hazard during coal mining, a method of high-resolution 3D seismic prediction of coal and gas outburst is established by using the characteristics of large amount of 3D seismic information in coal mines, good lateral continuity of seismic data and small sampling interval, and fusion with borehole logging data in the mining area. In this paper, through laboratory measurement, logging and VSP data analysis of rock elastic characteristics, we can grasp the qualitative and quantitative relationship between coal and rock physical properties parameters and apparent resistivity, natural gamma, gamma gamma, sonic time difference and other logging curves, and logging response characteristics of coal body structure to establish the logging curve recognition model of coal and gas outburst area and method. The high resolution 3d seismic inversion method of coal seam structure constrained by logging curve is researched and developed to realize the fine description of tectonic protruding coal. The three-dimensional three-component converted wave seismic exploration technology in coal mine is studied, and the fast and slow shear waves are separated by the coordinate rotation method, and the development degree of the seam crack is determined by the time difference of the fast and slow shear waves, and the space is precisely located. By studying the variation of seismic wave amplitude in gas-rich blocks, it is found that the seismic amplitude of gas outburst coal seam shows a downward trend with the increase of offset, while the seismic amplitude of non-outburst coal seam shows an upward trend with the increase of offset.
For the prevention of coal and gas outburst hazard during coal mining, a method of high-resolution 3D seismic prediction of coal and gas outburst is established by using the characteristics of large amount of 3D seismic information in coal mines, good lateral continuity of seismic data and small sampling interval, and fusion with borehole logging data in the mining area. In this paper, through laboratory measurement, logging and VSP data analysis of rock elastic characteristics, we can grasp the qualitative and quantitative relationship between coal and rock physical properties parameters and apparent resistivity, natural gamma, gamma gamma, sonic time difference and other logging curves, and logging response characteristics of coal body structure to establish the logging curve recognition model of coal and gas outburst area and method. The high resolution 3d seismic inversion method of coal seam structure constrained by logging curve is researched and developed to realize the fine description of tectonic protruding coal. The three-dimensional three-component converted wave seismic exploration technology in coal mine is studied, and the fast and slow shear waves are separated by the coordinate rotation method, and the development degree of the seam crack is determined by the time difference of the fast and slow shear waves, and the space is precisely located. By studying the variation of seismic wave amplitude in gas-rich blocks, it is found that the seismic amplitude of gas outburst coal seam shows a downward trend with the increase of offset, while the seismic amplitude of non-outburst coal seam shows an upward trend with the increase of offset.
Abstract：
In view of the current situation that it is difficult to prevent and control spontaneous fire in close seam group mining, and the traditional prevention and control concept is backward, an advanced collaborative prevention and control technology of spontaneous fire is put forward, which is “advanced mining engineering to control oxidation, advanced comprehensive prevention to control spontaneous combustion, accurate multiple detection to extinguish spontaneous combustion”, and its corresponding connotation is given. The design principle of optimal mining deployment scheme in the scale of mining area, mine and working face is given. The advanced integrated prevention technology of spontaneous combustion fire disaster is established, including the critical value of spontaneous ignition gases, downhole in-situ spectrum on-line detection, threat degree evaluation method of spontaneous combustion fire disaster, multi-spot control for dynamic balance of gas flow field, and joint regional grouting above and below the well. The concealed fire source detection technology based on multi-element electromagnetic method is explored. The development trend of coalfield fire detection in the future will be the multi-information exploration technology based on infrared remote sensing, magnetic method and electric method.
In view of the current situation that it is difficult to prevent and control spontaneous fire in close seam group mining, and the traditional prevention and control concept is backward, an advanced collaborative prevention and control technology of spontaneous fire is put forward, which is “advanced mining engineering to control oxidation, advanced comprehensive prevention to control spontaneous combustion, accurate multiple detection to extinguish spontaneous combustion”, and its corresponding connotation is given. The design principle of optimal mining deployment scheme in the scale of mining area, mine and working face is given. The advanced integrated prevention technology of spontaneous combustion fire disaster is established, including the critical value of spontaneous ignition gases, downhole in-situ spectrum on-line detection, threat degree evaluation method of spontaneous combustion fire disaster, multi-spot control for dynamic balance of gas flow field, and joint regional grouting above and below the well. The concealed fire source detection technology based on multi-element electromagnetic method is explored. The development trend of coalfield fire detection in the future will be the multi-information exploration technology based on infrared remote sensing, magnetic method and electric method.
2023, 54(4): 1-10.
Abstract：
To improve the dust reduction efficiency of coal seam water injection, two kinds of non-ionic and two kinds of anionic surfactants were selected to study the surface tension and wetting characteristics of monomer and composite surfactant solutions. The synergistic wetting effect of composite surfactant solution on hydrophobic coal is compared and analyzed, the mechanism of synergistic wetting is discussed, and the field test of coal seam water injection is carried out. The wettability experiment of monomer surfactant shows that the wettability of the four surfactants is still gradually enhanced after exceeding the critical micelle（ＣＭＣ） concentration. The experimental results of synergistic wettability of composite surfactant show that there is a significant synergistic effect between non-ionic surfactant TX-100 and anionic surfactant DSS, and that the synergistic effect gradually increases with the increase of surfactant mass concentration. When the total mass concentration was 1%, the synergistic rate was 60.06% and 132.03%, respectively, compared with TX-100 and DSS monomer solution. The mechanism of synergistic wetting was analyzed based on the principle of interfacial chemistry. It was found that the key reason for the synergistic wetting effect of hydrophobic coal dust was the significant increase of the dissociation rate of surfactant micelles in high concentration composite surfactant solution. The coal seam water injection test was carried out on the fully mechanized excavation face. After adding 1% TX-100: DSS composite surfactant solution for water injection, the dust reduction rate reached 71.04%, which was 43.45% higher than that of adding 0.05% TX-100 solution, indicating that the high concentration composite surfactant has a significant synergistic wetting effect on hydrophobic coal.
To improve the dust reduction efficiency of coal seam water injection, two kinds of non-ionic and two kinds of anionic surfactants were selected to study the surface tension and wetting characteristics of monomer and composite surfactant solutions. The synergistic wetting effect of composite surfactant solution on hydrophobic coal is compared and analyzed, the mechanism of synergistic wetting is discussed, and the field test of coal seam water injection is carried out. The wettability experiment of monomer surfactant shows that the wettability of the four surfactants is still gradually enhanced after exceeding the critical micelle（ＣＭＣ） concentration. The experimental results of synergistic wettability of composite surfactant show that there is a significant synergistic effect between non-ionic surfactant TX-100 and anionic surfactant DSS, and that the synergistic effect gradually increases with the increase of surfactant mass concentration. When the total mass concentration was 1%, the synergistic rate was 60.06% and 132.03%, respectively, compared with TX-100 and DSS monomer solution. The mechanism of synergistic wetting was analyzed based on the principle of interfacial chemistry. It was found that the key reason for the synergistic wetting effect of hydrophobic coal dust was the significant increase of the dissociation rate of surfactant micelles in high concentration composite surfactant solution. The coal seam water injection test was carried out on the fully mechanized excavation face. After adding 1% TX-100: DSS composite surfactant solution for water injection, the dust reduction rate reached 71.04%, which was 43.45% higher than that of adding 0.05% TX-100 solution, indicating that the high concentration composite surfactant has a significant synergistic wetting effect on hydrophobic coal.
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