Effects of igneous rock erosion on spontaneous combustion properties and structure of coal
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摘要:
为探究火成岩侵蚀对煤自燃特性及结构的影响规律，以陕西、辽宁区域两煤矿同工作面原生煤及火成岩侵蚀煤为研究对象，采用程序升温试验、红外光谱分析、低温氮气吸附和压汞实验，分别从宏观和微观角度对煤的氧化特性、自燃极限参数、活性官能团含量以及孔隙结构特征进行分析。结果表明：火成岩侵蚀增大煤的自燃风险，会提升煤体内部的气体流通性，火成岩侵蚀煤体具有更高的氧化活性；此外，火成岩侵蚀改变煤层赋存条件，增大煤层开采难度，提高采空区内漏风强度，延长采空区“氧化升温带”遗煤的氧化时间，从外部影响因素层面提升煤炭的自燃风险；火成岩侵蚀改变煤自身结构和煤自燃外部环境因素，加剧了侵蚀煤层的自燃风险。
Abstract:In order to explore the influence law of igneous rock erosion on coal spontaneous combustion characteristics and structure, taking primary coal and igneous rock eroded coal in the same coal face of Shanxi Mine and Liaoning Mine as the samples, the oxidation characteristics, the limit parameters of the spontaneous combustion, the content of the active functional group and pore structure characteristics of coal were analyzed from macro and micro perspectives by temperature programmed test, FT-IR experiment, low temperature nitrogen adsorption experiment and mercury injection experiment respectively. The results of temperature programmed test showed that igneous rock erosion increased the spontaneous combustion risk of coal, igneous rock erosion could enhance the gas circulation inside the coal body, which is conducive to the oxidation reaction between oxygen and active groups inside the coal body, and the coal body of the igneous erosion had higher oxidizing activity. In addition, igneous rock erosion altered the occurrence conditions of coal seams, increased the difficulty of coal seams mining and the intensity of wind leakage in the mining airspace, prolonged the oxidation time of the residual coal in the “oxidized heating zone” in goaf, thus increasing the risk of spontaneous combustion of coal from the level of external influencing factors. The erosion of igneous rock changes the structure of coal itself and the external environmental factors of coal spontaneous combustion, which intensifies the spontaneous combustion risk of the eroded coal seam.
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图 2 气体变化速度分布曲线图
Figure 2. Distribution curves of coal spontaneous combustion limit parameters
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图 4 煤样孔径分布与阶段进汞量关系曲线
Figure 4. Relation curves between pore size distribution and stage mercury intake of coal
表 1 实验煤样的工业分析结果
Table 1 Results of industrial analysis of experimental coal samples
样本 水分/% 灰分/% 挥发分/% 固定碳/% TS-1 5.37 6.76 36.48 51.39 TS -2 2.86 11.36 27.98 57.80 XN-1 4.21 8.31 33.71 53.77 XN-2 1.64 13.48 26.31 58.57 
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表 2 通过N2吸附获得的煤样孔隙结构参数
Table 2 Pore structure parameters of coal samples obtained by N2 adsorption
煤样 BET比表面积/
（m2·g−1）BET平均孔
径/nm孔容/（10−3cm3·g−1） HK微孔 BJH介孔 TS-1 14.605 5.739 4.324 18.515 TS-2 4.416 7.968 1.572 13.080 XN-1 17.784 5.461 6.521 19.836 XN-2 9.060 10.471 2.821 12.782
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表 3 介孔、宏观孔的比表面积及孔容分布结果
Table 3 Distribution results of specific surface area and pore volume distribution of mesoporous and macroscopic pores
样本 比表面积/（m2·g−1） 孔容/（cm3·g−1） 介孔 宏观孔 介孔 宏观孔 TS-1 22.3736 0.2814 0.0613 0.0110 TS-2 16.8754 1.0046 0.0565 0.0316 XN-1 18.3846 0.2430 0.0511 0.0074 XN-2 13.7261 0.5439 0.0449 0.0206
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表 4 煤样中各主要官能团谱吸收峰面积占比
Table 4 Infrared absorption peak area proportion of main functional groups in coal
样本 芳香烃/% 含氧官能团/% 脂肪烃/% 羟基/% TS-1 0.336 14.900 0.487 84.276 TS -2 0.782 29.818 2.116 67.283 XN-1 0.709 34.791 1.466 63.034 XN-2 4.053 40.647 1.906 53.393
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