Abstract: In order to systematically study the water environment problems of coal mine, we study and conclude the destruction mechanism and characteristics of coal mining on the water environment of coal mine by statistics on the water environment problems in 104 mining areas with 14 large coal bases, based on the hydro-geological structure of mining areas, water resources loss and water environmental pollution. The paper divides water environmental problems of coal mines into six types, and on the basis of this, we analyze the distribution and characteristics of water environmental problems of various kinds of coal mines. In order to provide scientific theoretical basis for the safe and green mining of coal mine, we construct the water environment management mode of coal mine and combine several treatment technologies to deal with various water environment problems of coal mine with different characteristics in essence.