Abstract: In order to deeply explore the current situation of coal mine water disasters in China and the characteristics of its related factors, the number of serious and major water disasters and the number of deaths in coal mines since the founding of the People’s Republic of China have been counted, and the mathematical statistics method has been used to analyze the correlation degree of major and serious coal mine water disasters with eight factors including raw coal production, water inrush source, occurrence time, occurrence area, changes in laws and regulations, market supervision system mechanism, scientific researchinvestment, education and training, the nature of coal mining enterprises is analyzed. At the same time, the causes of mine water accidents are summarized and analyzed, and the technical countermeasures and management measures are proposed. The research results show that: since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, major coal mine water accidents can be divided into five stages: low frequency period, abnormal peak period, continuous rising period, high fluctuation period, and stable falling period; April to November is the period of high incidence of water accidents, and August is the month of most accidents; Henan, Hunan, Guizhou, Shanxi and Heilongjiang are the places where coal mine flooding accidents occur frequently; goaf water is the main source of water inrush in water disasters; township coal mine is the most serious disaster area of water accident, but the overall trend is downward; changes in laws and regulations, market supervision system and mechanism, scientific research investment, education and training, and other factors also directly affect the frequency of major coal mine water disasters in China.