贵州土城矿区煤储层孔隙特征及影响因素
Pore characteristics and influencing factors of coal reservoir in Tucheng Mining Area of Guizhou Province
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摘要: 利用压汞试验、扫描电镜等方法研究了土城矿区7个主要煤层孔隙发育特征。扫描电镜观察出煤孔隙类型包括原生孔、气孔、溶蚀孔、铸模孔、粒间孔、微裂隙等；原生孔和气孔呈带、群分布，孔隙间大多孔连通性差。压汞试验表明：3#煤层压汞孔容大、中孔占比较多，其余煤层孔容以小微孔为主，比表面积微孔占优势；3#煤层压汞曲线为Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型，9#、12#、15#、17#煤压汞曲线为Ⅱ型，孔隙以开放孔为主，连通性较好；291#、292#煤压汞曲线为Ⅲ型，孔隙主要为半封闭孔，连通性差；煤储层孔隙度、孔容、比表面积随镜质体反射率的增大呈负相关，与镜质体组分呈正相关，与无机组分呈负相关，与水分含量、灰分含量呈较弱的负相关。对比分析认为矿区3#煤层具有煤层气开发的优先孔隙条件。Abstract: The pore development characteristics of 7 main coal seams in Tucheng Mining Area were studied by mercury injection test and scanning electron microscope. Scanning electron microscope （SEM） observation shows that there are primary pores, pores, dissolution pores, mold holes, intergranular pores, micro cracks, etc. The primary pores and pores are distributed in belts and groups, and the connectivity of large pores between pores is poor; mercury injection test shows that the mercury injection pore volume of 3# coal seam is large and the proportion of medium pores is relatively large, and the pore volume of other coal seams is mainly small micropores, and the specific surface area of micropores is dominant; mercury injection curves of 3# coal seam are type I and type II, the mercury injection curves of 9#, 12#, 15# and 17# coal are type II, and the pores are mainly open pores with good connectivity; 291#, 292# coal mercury injection curves are type III, and the pores are mainly semi-closed pores with poor connectivity. The porosity, pore volume and specific surface area of coal reservoir are negatively correlated with the increase of vitrinite reflectivity, positively correlated with vitrinite components, negatively correlated with inorganic components, and weakly negatively correlated with water content and ash content. Through comparative analysis, it is considered that the 3# coal seam in the mining area has preferential pore conditions for CBM development.
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