季节性岩土强度差异下的靠帮开采及效益分析
Analysis of steep mining and benefit based on seasonal difference of rock and soil strength
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摘要: 为充分利用露天煤矿边坡岩土强度的季节性差异，提高冬季开采时的端帮边坡角，增加煤炭资源采出量;基于季冻土强度理论和冻融作用下的直接剪切试验，运用Geo-Slope稳定性分析软件，结合冬夏两季边坡岩层的物理力学参数，在满足规范要求的端帮稳定性系数的基础上，计算冬夏两季端帮可达到的最大安全角度和冬季端帮稳定性系数强化幅度。结果表明：相同边坡角时，夏季到冬季端帮稳定性系数Fs增大，稳定性系数平均强化幅度为7.34%；季节性靠帮开采方案可将端帮边坡角从夏季的39°提高到冬季的41°；基于岩土强度季节性差异的靠帮开采，提高端帮煤炭回收量8.11万t，增加经济效益654.05万元；利用增加内排压帮土方量3 600 m3的方式可以保障过渡期内端帮的安全性。
Abstract: For making full use of seasonal difference of rock and soil strength of open-pit coal mine slope, improving the angle of end-slope during mining in winter and increasing the extraction amount of coal, based on the strength theory of seasonally frozen soil and the direct shear experiment under the action of freeze-thaw, using the Geo-Slope stability analysis software, combined with physical and mechanical parameters of slope strata in winter and summer, on the basis of meeting the stability coefficient of end-slope required by regulations, this paper calculates the maximum safety angle in winter and summer as well as the enhancing range of end-slope stability coefficient in winter. The results show that: with the same angle of slope, Fs increases from summer to winter, and the average enhancing range of stability coefficient at different angles is 7.34%. Seasonal steep mining is able to increase the angle of end-slope from 39° in summer to 41° in winter. Based on steep mining under the seasonal difference of rock and soil strength, increase coal recovery of end-slope by 81 100 t and economic benefit by 6.540 5 million yuan; the safety of the end wall in the transition period can be guaranteed by increasing the amount of earth of the inner pressure displacement wall by 3 600 m3.
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