Abstract: To ensure the safety of rectangular roadway in deep mining, the stress distribution of surrounding rock in the vicinity of the roadway and its influencing factors must be understood. The rectangular tunnel under biaxial compression is studied by complex variable method, and the analytical solution of stress in the surrounding rock is obtained. The stress distribution along the edge and horizontal axis of roadway is given, and the influence of the aspect ratio, and the area of the rectangular roadway on the stress is discussed. The results showed that there is the phenomenon of stress concentration in the corner of the rectangular roadway, and the stress components have reached the maximum values. The stress values increase with the aspect ratio of the rectangular roadway. For the same aspect ratio, the stress distribution is not change by changing the area of the aperture of the rectangular roadway.