Abstract: For the characteristic that the gas is difficult to extract in the low permeability coal seam of Yangquan Mining Area, the coal seam permeability improvement technology by hydraulic cutting groove and pulse hydraulic fracturing is studied and proposed. The technology uses hydraulic cutting groove to unload stress around borehole and form the initial crack, and uses directional pulse hydraulic fracturing to crack coal and improve coal permeability and pressure relief range, changes gas flow field and stress field of coal. The research results show that the cumulative mixed gas amount of grooving single-hole drilling extraction is about more than 10 times of conventional hole, mixing amount of single-hole extraction is about 20 times more than conventional drilling, the highest concentration of the gas extraction of drilling is 2 to 3 times that of conventional group drilling, which effectively improves the gas extraction ability of layer-through borehole in low permeability coal seam of Yangquan Mining Area, and achieves the purpose of pressure relief and permeability improvement of overall seam and gas efficient extraction.