双轴加载条件下裂隙岩体相似模型力学特性试验研究
Experimental study on mechanical properties of similar model of fractured rock mass under biaxial loading
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摘要: 煤矿深部地层主要受构造应力场影响，以水平应力为主且具有明显的方向性，而煤系地层节理、裂隙发育。为探究煤矿深部地层裂隙岩体断裂特征和力学特性，研制了裂隙岩体试验平台，制备了不同倾角的裂隙岩体相似模型，开展双轴加载试验；基于试验结果和数字图像相关技术（DIC）分析研究了节理倾角对裂隙岩体强度和断裂特征的影响规律。研究结果表明：裂隙与主应力方向的夹角对试件峰值强度影响较大，夹角为30°时，试件峰值强度最低，90°时最高；试件受载后产生的次生裂纹共有7种类型，随着预制裂隙倾角的增大，试件破坏模式经历了压剪破坏、拉-剪复合破坏、压剪破坏的变化；次生裂纹扩展经历了与预制裂隙共面、与预制裂隙异面、与预制裂隙共面的变化。Abstract: The deep strata in the coal mine are mainly affected by the tectonic stress field, which is mainly horizontal stress and has obvious directionality. As for the development of joints and fractures in coal measures, in order to explore the fracture characteristics and mechanical characteristics of fractured rock mass in deep coal mine, a fractured rock mass test platform was developed, and the similar models of fractured rock mass with different inclination angles were prepared. Biaxial loading tests were carried out. Based on the test results and digital image correlation technology（DIC）, the influence of joint inclination on the strength and fracture characteristics of fractured rock mass was analyzed and studied, the results show that the angle between the crack and the principal stress direction has a great influence on the peak strength of the specimen. When the angle is 30 °, the peak strength of the specimen is the lowest, and when the angle is 90 °, the peak strength is the highest. There are seven types of secondary cracks in the specimen after loading. With the increase of the inclination angle of the prefabricated crack, the failure mode of the specimen experienced the changes of compression shear failure, tension shear composite failure and compression shear failure. The secondary crack propagation experienced the changes of coplanar with the prefabricated crack, different from the prefabricated crack and coplanar with the prefabricated crack.
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1. 陈光波，唐薇，李谭，王创业，王二雨，张国华. 裂隙煤岩组合体单轴压缩力学响应及失稳机制. 岩土力学. 2024(09): 2633-2652 . 
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