采空区自燃危险区域判识与防控技术研究综述
Review on identification and prevention and control technology of spontaneous combustion risk area in goaf
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摘要: 采空区遗煤自然发火问题一直是煤矿火灾防治工作的重点，掌握煤自燃危险区域分布规律是采取防控措施的关键。结合该领域的国内外最新研究成果，采用文献调研与理论分析的方法，系统分析了采空区自燃危险区域判识的理论基础、演化历程和判定条件，定性总结了煤自燃火灾防控技术的有效性及适应性。综合分析认为：采空区覆岩应力应变-孔隙度-漏风强度-气体体积分数的链式变化和重新分布是采空区自燃危险区域形成的根本原因，采用动态参数判定自燃危险区域更符合现场实际；在工程实践中，注氮、堵漏技术对氧化自燃带宽度的减小呈现出明显效应。Abstract: The spontaneous combustion of residual coal in goaf has always been the focus of coal mine fire prevention and control work. Mastering the distribution law of coal spontaneous combustion risk area is the key to take prevention and control measures. Based on the latest research results in this field at home and abroad, this paper systematically analyzes the theoretical basis, evolution process and determination conditions of goaf spontaneous combustion hazard area identification by using the methods of literature research and theoretical analysis, and qualitatively summarizes the effectiveness and adaptability of coal spontaneous combustion fire prevention and control technology. Comprehensive analysis suggests that: the chain change and redistribution of stress-strain - porosity - air leakage intensity - gas volume fraction of the mined-out area are the fundamental reasons for the formation of the spontaneous combustion hazard area in the mined-out area, and the determination of the spontaneous combustion hazard area by dynamic parameters is more in line with the field practice; in engineering practice, nitrogen injection and plugging technology have obvious effect on reducing the width of oxidation spontaneous combustion zone.
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