蒙陕接壤区侏罗系煤田深部煤层开采失水风险评价
Risk assessment of water loss in deep coal seam mining in Jurassic coalfield in Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia contiguous area
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摘要: 以黄河流域中上游台格庙矿区为研究对象，分析含（隔）水层空间结构与导水断裂带发育高度关系，挖掘研究区内影响含水层失水的主控因素；引入残余基岩有效隔水层厚度指标，构建浅层白垩系含水层失水风险评价体系；基于层次分析-熵权综合判别法，计算各主控因素权重，建立深部煤层开采对浅水含水层扰动的定量评价模型；通过对不同权重的控制因素图叠加，得到了深部煤层开采失水风险分区图，利用周边矿井实测涌水量验证了分区结果。结果表明：含水层厚度、水压、单位涌水量、开采影响下残余隔水保护层厚度是主采煤层上覆含水层失水影响的主控因素，矿区内西北角和东北角富水性较好、残余隔水层基岩厚度较薄，导致该区域存在一定失水风险，研究结果与现场实际情况基本吻合。Abstract: This paper takes Taigemiao Mining Area in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River Basin as the research object, analyzes the relationship between the spatial structure of water-bearing（ｉｓｏｌａｔｅｄ） layer and the development height of water flowing fractured zone, excavates the main control factors affecting the water loss of aquifer in the study area, and introduces the effective thickness index of residual bedrock to construct the water loss risk evaluation system of shallow Cretaceous aquifer. Based on the analytic hierarchy process-entropy weight comprehensive discrimination method, the weight of each main control factor is calculated, and the quantitative evaluation model of the disturbance of deep coal seam mining to shallow aquifer is established. By overlaying the control factor diagrams with different weights, the zoning map of water loss risk in deep coal seam mining is obtained. The zoning results are verified by the measured water inflow of surrounding mines. The results show that the aquifer thickness, water pressure, unit water inflow, and the thickness of residual water-resisting protective layer under the influence of mining are the main controlling factors for the water loss of aquifer in the main coal seam. The northwest and northeast corners of the mining area have good water abundance, and the thickness of residual water-resisting bedrock is thin, resulting in a certain water loss risk in the region. The research results are basically consistent with the actual situation in the field.
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