特厚硬煤超大采高综放小采放比开采技术与支架优化设计
Mining technology and support optimization design of super high fully mechanized caving and small mining ratio in hard and extra thick coal seam
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摘要: 为实现金鸡滩煤矿9~13 m特厚硬煤层的安全、高效和高回收率开采，采用理论分析和数值模拟等方法对不同割煤高度顶煤回收率和煤壁稳定性进行了分析，基于顶煤回收率、煤壁稳定性与割煤高度的对应关系提出了“以采为主，以放为辅”的超大采高小采放比技术。研制了ZFY21000/35.5/70D两柱掩护式强力超大采高放顶煤液压支架，基于抗冲击立柱、高效放煤机构等优化设计解决了超大采高综放易冲击、煤壁易片帮和硬煤易成拱的难题。超大采高小采放比综放开采是特厚硬煤提高回收率、实现高产高效的有效方式。Abstract: In order to realize the safety, high efficiency and high recovery rate mining of 9-13 m thickness hard coal seam in Jinjitan Coal Mine, the top coal recovery rate and coal wall stability of different cutting heights are analyzed by theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Based on the corresponding relationship between top coal recovery rate, coal wall stability and cutting height, a super large mining height and small mining and drawing ratio technology which based on mining and supplemented by releasing is proposed. The ZFY21000/35.5/70D two pillar shield hydraulic support with super large mining height is developed. Based on the optimization design of anti impact column and high-efficiency caving mechanism, the problems of easy impact of super high mining height fully mechanized top coal caving face, easy rib spalling of coal wall and easy arching of hard coal are solved. Fully mechanized top coal caving mining with super high mining height and small mining and caving ratio is an effective way to improve recovery rate and realize high yield and high efficiency of extra thick hard coal.
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