黄河北煤田顶底板定向注浆关键技术
Key technology of directional grouting in roof and floor of coal field in the north of the Yellow River
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摘要: 为有效解决我国黄河北煤田面临的顶底板含水层双重水害问题，以山东能源邱集煤矿水害治理为例，在矿井水文地质和水害特征分析的基础上，确定了超前主动、区域协同、逢漏必注和安全推进的防治水理念；提出了“顶底板同注+帷幕注浆”的灰岩水害治理技术，采用“梅花式”与“上下穿层式”的钻探方式实现了含水层岩溶裂隙和隐蔽导水通道的有效探查，通过等距离定向钻孔和井上下水文钻孔实时观测技术确保了高质量精准注浆；截至2018年底注浆工程共施工19个主孔，95个分支孔，累计完成进尺64 183.74 m，注入水泥329 035 t、粉煤灰24 845 t。结果表明：注浆治理后区域内四五灰和徐灰的水压明显减小，涌水量均小于10 m3/h，实现了11煤层的安全揭露和工作面试采，说明黄河北煤田定向注浆关键技术可以有效封堵含水层岩溶裂隙和隐蔽导水通道，实现含水层岩溶裂隙和导水通道的高质量精准注浆。Abstract: In order to effectively solve the double water hazard problem of the roof and floor aquifer in the coalfield of the north of the Yellow River, we takes the treatment of water disaster in Shandong Energy Qiuji Coal Mine as an example, which based on the analysis of mine hydrogeology and water disaster characteristics, determines the concept of water control in advance, regional coordination, grouting where water leakage occurs and safety promotion. We put forward the technology of limestone water disaster control with “roof and floor injection and curtain grouting”. The “plum blossom” and “upper and lower strata penetration” drilling methods are used to effectively explore karst fissures and concealed water channel in aquifers, and through the real-time observation technology of equidistant directional drilling and hydrogeology borehole to ensure the precise grouting. By the end of 2018, 19 main holes and 95 branch holes were constructed in the grouting project, which accumulated 64 183.74 meters, 329 035 tons of cement and 24 845 tons of coal ash. The results showed that the water pressure of limestone decreased obviously after grouting and gushing water volume was less than 10 cubic meters per hour, which achieved the safety exposing and pilot production in coalface. It is pointed out that the key technology of directional grouting in the north of the Yellow River coalfield can effectively seal karst fissure and concealed water channel in aquifers and achieve high quality precision grouting for karst fissure and water channel of aquifers. This technology provides safety guarantee for the two hundred million tons of coal of the lower coal group, and also provides reference for the prevention and control of similar water disasters in the north of the Yellow River coalfield of China.resources
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