煤岩压裂多裂缝风险识别及防治机理研究
Mechanism Research of Risk Identification and Prevention of Multiple Fractures in Hydraulic Fracturing of Coal Rock
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摘要: 为了提高煤层气井压裂施工成功率,并掌握施工压力与裂缝形态之间的响应规律,基于140余口煤层气井压裂施工曲线,分析总结了煤岩压裂具有破裂压力不明显,平均施工压力较高,前置液阶段恒定排量时施工压力不断上升等特点。同时从物模实验、G函数分析、净压力拟合3个方面进行了论证研究,认为多裂缝起裂、延伸是上述特点产生的主要原因。研究结果表明:多裂缝延伸时破裂压力不明显或破裂后压力继续上升,平均实验压力偏高;G函数、净压力拟合分析显示煤岩压裂出现多裂缝现象。基于以上研究,提出可调式多段塞压裂工艺防治多裂缝延伸,施工结果表明该工艺可大幅提高煤层气井压裂的一次施工成功率。Abstract: In order to improve the success rate of fracturing in coalbed methane wells and master the response rule between construction pressure and fracture morphology, based on the fracturing operation curve of more than 140 coalbed gas wells, this paper analyzes and summarizes the characteristics of coal and rock fracturing, such as not obvious fracture pressure, high average construction pressure, and rising construction pressure with constant displacement in the pre-liquid stage. At the same time, the physical model experiment, G function analysis and net pressure fitting are demonstrated and studied. It is concluded that multi-crack initiation and extension are the main reasons for the above characteristics. The results showed that the fracture pressure was not obvious when the fracture was extended or increased after the fracture, and the average experimental pressure was high. The fitting analysis of G function and net pressure shows that there are multiple fractures in coal fracturing. Based on the above research, the adjustable multi-slug fracturing technology is proposed to prevent multi-fracture extension, and the construction results show that this technology can greatly improve the success rate of primary fracturing in coalbed gas wells.
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Keywords:
- coal rock /
- hydraulic fracturing /
- curve characteristics /
- multiple fractures /
- risk identify /
- prevention measures
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