Research and development of anti-high pressure sealing material and sealing characteristics in hydraulic fracturing borehole
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摘要:
为解决因封孔质量不达标导致的水力压裂卸压增透技术在井下现场应用的难题，在总结国内外抗高压封孔材料及封孔方法的基础上，通过系统性基础实验，探究了普通水泥添加特种复合水泥、膨胀剂和减水剂等辅助材料对抗高压封孔材料的凝结时间、流动性、抗压强度以及膨胀倍率等基础性能的影响规律。研究表明：抗高压封控材料最佳水灰比为0.5，特种复合水泥添加量为20%~25%，复合膨胀剂添加量为4%，萘系减水剂添加量为1.6%时，抗高压封孔材料在保障流动度及膨胀倍率前提下呈现早强高强特性。为验证新材料性能，在龙煤集团平岗煤矿进行现场工业性试验，其凝固时间及抗压强度等参数均达到性能要求。
Abstract:In order to solve the problem of hydraulic fracturing presure relief and permeability improvement technology applied in underground field due to the substandard sealing and control quality, in this paper, on the basis of summarizing the existing hole sealing materials and sealing methods at home and abroad, through a large number of basic experiments, the influence of auxiliary materials such as ordinary cement added with special composite cement, swelling agent and water reducing agent on the basic properties of anti-high pressure sealing materials such as setting time, fluidity, compressive strength and swelling multiplication rate was studied. The best water-cement ratio of 0.5, 20%-25% of special composite cement, 4% of compound expander and 1.6% of naphthalene water reducer were determined to ensure the early strength and high strength of the anti-high-pressure sealing material with the premise of flowability and expansion rate. It also conducted on-site industrial experiments in Pinggang Coal Mine of Longmei Coal Group, and its parameters such as solidification time and compressive strength met the performance requirements.
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图 3 特种水泥添加量对凝固时间的影响
Figure 3. Effect of addition amount of special cement on setting time
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图 4 特种水泥添加量对抗压强度的影响
Figure 4. Effect of addition amount of special cement on compressive strength
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图 8 减水剂不同掺量对流动性的影响曲线
Figure 8. Influence curve of different dosage of water reducer on fluidity
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图 9 减水剂不同掺量对凝固时间的影响曲线
Figure 9. Influence curves of different dosage of water reducing agent on setting time
表 1 封孔材料的基本参数
Table 1 Basic parameters of sealing material
普通硅酸盐水泥
含量/%特种水泥
含量/%流动度/
mm凝固时间/
min抗压强度/
MPa初凝 终凝 1 d 3 d 95 5 279 410 664 6.8 8.8 90 10 281 230 342 13.0 16.7 85 15 288 118 159 17.9 22.5 80 20 293 82 98 22.8 31.3 75 25 292 72 88 24.1 32.7 70 30 292 60 76 23.4 32.1 65 35 291 50 63 22.6 29.8 60 40 287 38 46 21.8 28.8 55 45 282 28 34 20.2 26.5 
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表 2 膨胀剂的掺量对封孔材料的影响
Table 2 Influence of swelling agent content on sealing material
膨胀剂添加量/% 流动度/
mm凝固时间/min 膨胀倍率/% 初凝 终凝 1 282 71 83 5 2 261 67 77 10 3 245 62 70 15 4 223 55 61 16 5 194 54 57 18 6 171 51 55 22
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表 3 平岗煤矿压裂钻孔参数
Table 3 Parameters of fracturing hole in Pinggang Coal Mine
孔号 水平角/（°） 仰角/（°） 孔径/mm 封孔长度/m 孔深/m 1 0 −8 89 18 127.5 2 0 −9 89 21 101.0 3 0 −8 89 24 123.0
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