Research on the influence of air humidity on coal spontaneous combustion characteristics and oxidation kinetics parameters
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摘要:
空气湿度对矿井煤自燃过程具有重要影响，为了研究空气湿度对煤自然氧化特性及氧化动力学参数的影响特征，选取文家坡煤矿4105综放工作面煤样开展程序升温实验研究，分析不同空气湿度条件下煤样氧化自燃特性，并构建公式根据耗氧速率计算不同氧化阶段的表观活化能及指前因子。结果表明：不同空气湿度条件下，CO气体和耗氧速率随温度升高均呈现出指数型增长趋势，C2H4气体是煤高温热解的产物，在90 °C以后才开始出现，文家坡煤矿煤样的临界温度为60~80 °C，干裂温度为100~120 °C；通过临界温度前后煤氧化动力学参数计算，煤样的表观活化能随着空气湿度的增大逐渐减小，当空气湿度超过60%以后，表观活化能又逐渐增大，且指前因子表现出类似的规律，说明煤自燃过程存在临界湿度，该湿度对煤自燃起到一定的促进作用，在该环境下煤样更加容易自燃。
Abstract:Air humidity has an important impact on the spontaneous combustion process of coal in mines. In order to study the influence characteristics of air humidity on the natural oxidation characteristics and oxidation kinetics parameters of coal, a programmed heating experiment was conducted on coal samples from 4105 fully mechanized caving face of Wenjiapo Coal Mine. The oxidation spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal samples were analyzed under different air humidity conditions, and a formula was constructed to calculate the apparent activation energy and pre-exponential factor of different oxidation stages based on the oxygen consumption rate. The research results indicate that under different air humidity conditions, CO gas and oxygen consumption rate both exhibit an exponential growth trend with increasing temperature. C2H4 gas is a product of coal high-temperature pyrolysis and only appears after 90 °C. The critical temperature of coal samples in Wenjiapo Coal Mine is 60-80 °C, and the dry-cracking temperature is 100-120 °C. By calculating the coal oxidation kinetics parameters before and after the critical temperature, the apparent activation energy of the coal sample gradually decreases with the increase of air humidity. When the air humidity exceeds 60%, the apparent activation energy gradually increases, and the pre-exponential factor shows a similar pattern, indicating that the coal spontaneous combustion process exists in the critical humidity, which plays a certain promoting role in coal spontaneous combustion, and the coal sample is more prone to spontaneous combustion in this environment.
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图 1 煤自燃程序升温试验装置
Figure 1. Programmed temperature heating test device for coal spontaneous combustion
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图 2 不同空气湿度条件下CO体积分数随温度变化
Figure 2. CO concentration changes with temperature under different air humidity conditions
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图 3 不同空气湿度条件下C2H4体积分数随温度变化
Figure 3. C2H4 concentration changes with temperature under different air humidity conditions
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图 4 不同空气湿度条件下耗氧速率随温度变化
Figure 4. Oxygen consumption rate changes with temperature under different air humidity conditions
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图 5 不同空气湿度条件下煤样ln($ v_{\rm{O}_2}^0/c_{\rm{O}_2}^0) $与1/T关系曲线
Figure 5. Relationship curves between ln($ \mathit{v}_{\rm{O}_2}^0/\mathit{c}_{\rm{O}_2}^0) $ and 1/T of coal samples at different air humidity conditions
表 1 煤质分析
Table 1 Coal quality analysis
Mad/% Aad/% Vad/% FCad/% C含量/% H含量/% O含量/% N含量/% S含量/% H/C 4.41 14.07 33.51 48.01 78.84 4.75 14.2 1.37 0.84 0.060 注：Mad为水分；Aad为灰分；Vad为挥发分。 
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表 2 实验条件
Table 2 Experimental conditions
煤样
编号湿度/
%初始温度/
°C煤样质量/
g空气流量/
（mL·min−1）升温速度/
（°C·min−1）1# 0 30 1 000 120 0.3 2# 20 30 1 000 120 0.3 3# 40 30 1 000 120 0.3 4# 60 30 1 000 120 0.3 5# 80 30 1 000 120 0.3 6# 100 30 1 000 120 0.3
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表 3 不同煤样的动力学参数
Table 3 Dynamic parameters of different coal samples
空气
湿度/%临界
温度/oCE1/
(kJ·mol−1)E2/
(kJ·mol−1)A1 A2 100 80 49.5406 57.1978 2154.470 00 12789.760 80 70 34.2811 61.8503 38.0766 0 25326.330 60 60 32.8719 42.9110 14.71107 4186.415 40 70 37.6483 66.0988 61.95448 57342.650 20 80 50.8684 68.9946 263.9079 84761.780 0 80 45.8758 72.0017 795.1255 169973.900 注：E1、A1为临界温度前的表观活化能及指前因子；E2、A2为临界温度后的表观活化能及指前因子。
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