基于微震与数值模拟的隐伏构造活化识别方法研究
Identification method of hidden structure reactivation based on microseismic and numerical simulation
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摘要: 利用微震监测技术可实现对采场内岩层破断、断层/隐伏构造活化强度识别预测，而利用数值模拟技术可以实现对构造活化区应力场的反演再现，二者互为补充，可实现隐伏构造活化过程中应力扰动-应力集中-局部微破裂-应力迁移等由内因到表象的全程捕捉。基于淮河能源集团张集煤矿1612A工作面生产地质条件及所构建的微震监测系统，分析了采场内微震事件的时空分布特征，探究了微震活动与断层活化之间的关系，提出了以微震数据为基础结合数值模拟反演的隐伏构造活化识别方法。结果表明：煤层采场内的微震事件具有典型的时间阶段性和空间区域性分布特征；结合震源参数确定F1611A76～F1611A7677断层邻近范围存在异常区域，疑似存在该系列构造的衍生断裂；通过数值模拟2种工况下的应力变化响应能量释放规律，反演得到该区域内存在未探明的隐伏构造。通过现场槽波踏勘等物探方法得到特定范围内存在典型异常破碎区，进一步验证了微震监测与数模结合识别隐伏构造活化的可行性及准确性。Abstract: The microseismic monitoring can be used to identify and predict the activations strength of rock breaking, faults or hidden structures, and the use of numerical simulation technology can realize the inversion and reproduction of the stress field in the structural activation zone, the two complement each other, which can realize stress disturbance- stress concentration- local micro fracture- stress migration captured from internal cause to the appearance in the whole activation process of hidden structure. Based on the production and geological conditions of 1612A working face in Zhangji Coal Mine of Huaihe Energy Group, and the microseismic（ＭＳ） monitoring system, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of MS events were analyzed in the stope. The relationship between microseismic activity and fault activation was explored. And the identification method of hidden structure activation was proposed with the inversion of numerical simulation based on the MS data. The results show that, the MS events in the stope had typical time-phased and spatial regional distribution characteristics. Combined with the source parameters, it isdetermined that there is an abnormal area near the faults of F1611A76-F1611A7677, which was suspected to be a derivative fault of these faults. Through numerical simulation of the stress changes under two conditions to respond to the energy release law, the inversion results indicated that there were hidden structures in the measured area. Through field survey and trough wave geophysical exploration, it was found that there were typical broken abnormal areas in the specific range, which further verified the feasibility and accuracy of MS monitoring combined with numerical simulation to identify the activation of hidden structures.
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