黄陵矿区综采工作面卸压瓦斯流动通道研究及工程应用
Research and engineering application of pressure relief gas flow channel in fully mechanized mining face of Huangling Mining Area
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摘要: 利用高位钻孔抽采覆岩卸压瓦斯是高瓦斯矿井顶板瓦斯治理的重要技术手段，为了进一步提升高位钻孔瓦斯抽采效果，采用物理相似模拟分析了顶板采动裂隙形态分布特征，深入研究了采空区瓦斯宏观流动通道的形成及演化规律，并将其运用到Fluent模拟软件中，分析高位钻孔在不同抽采垂距、平距下对采空区瓦斯抽采效果的影响规律，进而提出高位钻孔抽采的优化技术参数。结果表明：通过物理相似模拟研究得到的试验工作面断裂带高度为68 m，垮落带高度为10.5 m；在水平方向上瓦斯宏观流动通道区、垂直方向上瓦斯过渡流通道区内布置高位钻孔将提高采空区瓦斯的抽采效率；结合数值模拟研究得到的试验工作面最佳抽采位置为距煤层垂直距离23 m，水平距离25 m。综合考虑工作面地质条件变化特征及钻孔施工，在同一垂直层位设置2个间距为10 m的抽采钻孔，并其使最佳抽采位置在2个钻孔之间，现场瓦斯抽采效果良好，保障了工作面安全回采。Abstract: The extraction of overburden unloading gas by high level boreholes is an important technical tool for roof gas management in high gas mines. In order to further improve the effect of high level borehole gas extraction, physical similarity simulation was applied to analyze the morphological distribution characteristics of roof mining fissures. The formation and evolution rules of macroscopic gas flow channels in the mining area were studied and applied to Fluent simulation software to analyze the influence of high level drilling on the gas extraction effect in the mining area under different vertical and horizontal extraction distances, and then the optimized technical parameters for high level drilling is proposed. The results show that the height of the fracture zone of the test working face is 68 m and the height of the caving zone is 10.5 m. High level drilling in the horizontal gas flow channel and vertical gas transition flow channel will improve the extraction efficiency of the gas in the mining area. Combined with the numerical simulation study, the best extraction position of the test working face was 23 m vertically and 25 m horizontally from the coal seam. Taking into account the changing geological conditions of the working face and the construction of the borehole, two extraction boreholes with a spacing of 10 m were set in the same vertical layer, and the best extraction position was between the two boreholes. The gas extraction effect on site was good, ensuring the safe recovery of the working face.
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