Abstract: Under the background of intelligent coal industry, the coal mine water disaster prevention and control has gradually shifted towards intelligent development along with coal mining, and artificial intelligence method is an important means of upgrading and transforming the intelligent prevention and control of water disasters in coal mines. At present, artificial intelligence technology has been preliminarily applied in the prevention and control of water disasters in coal mines, and preliminary exploration has been carried out in various aspects of intelligent water disaster prevention and control. This article focuses on the application of artificial intelligence in the development of intelligent coal mine water disaster prevention and control, mainly including the acquisition of geological information and detection of water damage causing factors before coal mining, water monitoring, discrimination and water hazard risk evaluation during the mining process, as well as emergency response after the occurrence of water inrush in coal mines; further summarizes and discusses the development trends and dilemmas of artificial intelligence technology in the application of water disaster prevention and control, and provides research ideas for the in-depth integration of artificial intelligence technology and intelligent water disaster prevention and control.