Abstract: There were many influence factors of deformation and failure for surface gas extraction drilling in excavation influence region, which made the surface drilling failure law complex. In order to control these factors effectively and make surface drilling extraction efficiency to its greatest degree, it analyzed the effects of various influence factors in-depth, such as the geologic condition and mining technique, etc. The stope dimension, roof management approach, coal seam dip angle, fault and so on, the change of these main factors would affect the deformation and failure of surface drilling, it had obtained the influence law: the surface drilling position should keep away from faults and collapse column, the mining working face should pass through the surface drilling position fast, the roof management should be strengthened to reduce the movement of rock strata, the surface drilling position should offset a certain distance to the middle of stope under dip strata condition.