Abstract: In order to study the influencing factors of coal miners’ psychological resilience and to conduct a simple assessment, 13 representative influencing factors of psychological resilience were firstly summarized and extracted from three aspects of coal miners’ personal, work and corporate management. Secondly, the interpretive structure model（ＩＳＭ） was used to determine the hierarchical relationships among the influencing factors. Then the cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification （ＭＩＣＭＡＣ） was used to analyze the driving force and dependence of each influencing factor, and a dependency-driving force diagram was drawn to verify the rationality of the hierarchical relationship between the influencing factors in the ISM. Finally, ten influencing factors were selected as indicators to assess the psychological resilience of coal miners and a simple scale of psychological resilience was developed for application. The study shows that work stress, organizational fairness, organizational support and managerial safety attitudes are fundamental factors in enhancing psychological resilience. The scale assessment results are more reasonable in the light of the actual situation in the mine, and can provide references and suggestions for improving coal miners’ psychological resilience and reducing their unsafe behaviors.