基于ISM-MICMAC模型的煤矿工人心理韧性影响因素分析及评估
Analysis on influencing factors and assessment of psychological resilience of coal miners based on ISM and MICMAC model
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摘要: 为研究煤矿工人心理韧性的影响因素以及进行简易评估，首先从煤矿工人的个人、工作、企业管理3个方面总结提炼13个代表性较强的心理韧性影响因素；其次运用解释结构模型确定各影响因素间的层次关系；然后使用交叉影响矩阵相乘法分析各影响因素的驱动力和依赖性，并绘制依赖性-驱动力图，以验证解释结构模型中影响因素间层次关系的合理性；最后选取其中10个影响因素作为评估煤矿工人心理韧性的指标，编制心理韧性简易量表进行应用。研究表明：工作压力、组织公平、组织支持和管理者安全态度是增强心理韧性的根本因素；结合矿井实际情况，量表评估结果较合理，可以为提高煤矿工人的心理韧性，减少其不安全行为的产生提供参考和建议。Abstract: In order to study the influencing factors of coal miners’ psychological resilience and to conduct a simple assessment, 13 representative influencing factors of psychological resilience were firstly summarized and extracted from three aspects of coal miners’ personal, work and corporate management. Secondly, the interpretive structure model（ＩＳＭ） was used to determine the hierarchical relationships among the influencing factors. Then the cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification （ＭＩＣＭＡＣ） was used to analyze the driving force and dependence of each influencing factor, and a dependency-driving force diagram was drawn to verify the rationality of the hierarchical relationship between the influencing factors in the ISM. Finally, ten influencing factors were selected as indicators to assess the psychological resilience of coal miners and a simple scale of psychological resilience was developed for application. The study shows that work stress, organizational fairness, organizational support and managerial safety attitudes are fundamental factors in enhancing psychological resilience. The scale assessment results are more reasonable in the light of the actual situation in the mine, and can provide references and suggestions for improving coal miners’ psychological resilience and reducing their unsafe behaviors.
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