上覆采空区和含水层叠加富水效应的工作面防治水技术
Research on prevention and control technology of working face with superimposed water-rich effect of overlying goaf and aquifer
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摘要: 针对回采工作面上覆采空区和含水层富水叠加效应威胁工作面安全回采的问题，以典型矿井神东煤炭集团布尔台煤矿为研究对象，综合采用地面地质钻探、钻孔岩心精细编录、地面-井下物探联合探测、井下定向钻探、探采对比等技术，应用理论分析、数值模拟和相似材料模拟等方法与工程实践揭示了布尔台煤矿4-2煤顶板采掘扰动条件下含水层富水叠加致灾机理。根据富水危险区综合探测结果，结合定向钻孔精准的区域治理方法，构建回采工作面定向钻探的水害超前区域精准防治模式，对富水区进行工程治理，累计疏放水量5.28万m3，实现了对典型工作面的安全高效顺利回采，有效控制了矿井4-2煤采掘扰动富水叠加的灾害。Abstract: In view of the problem that the overlying goaf and the water-rich superimposed effect of the aquifer threaten the safe mining of the working face, taking Buertai Coal Mine of Shendong Coal Group as the research object, the techniques of surface geological drilling, drilling core fine cataloguing, surface-to-underground geophysical exploration, underground directional drilling, exploration-mining comparison are comprehensively adopted, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and similar material simulation are used to reveal the mechanism of water-rich superimposed disaster in Buertai Coal Mine under 4-2 coal roof excavation disturbance. According to the comprehensive detection result of water-rich dangerous area and the precise regional treatment method of directional drilling, the accurate prevention and control mode of water disaster in advance of directional drilling of mining face was built, and the water-rich area was treated by engineering. The accumulated water quantity of 52 800 m3 was released, which realized the safe and efficient and smooth recovery of typical working face and effectively controlled the disaster caused by the disturbance and water-rich superposition of coal mining in 4-2 mine.
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