钱营孜矿F22高角度正断层防水煤柱留设宽度研究
Study on retaining width of waterproof coal pillar of F22 high angle normal fault in Qianyingzi Coal Mine
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摘要: 高地应力作用下煤层采动诱发断层活化引起的承压水突涌，是深部开采矿井水害的主要形式之一，而预留断层防水煤柱依然是防止断层活化导水最主要的方法。以钱营孜煤矿F22高角度正断层为典型实例，依据已有的钻探、物探和巷探资料，基于煤矿具体的水文地质和工程地质条件，以现场及室内试验数据为基础，采用有限差分数值分析方法对钱营孜矿F22断层下盘靠近断层带的W3221工作面开采后防水煤柱的留设宽度进行了研究；同时根据理论公式对F22断层防水煤柱的宽度进行了计算验证。结果表明：当煤柱宽度小于40 m时，断层带顶、底界面应力变化幅度及位移差会显著增加，煤层顶、底板的位移变化幅度也明显增大，断层带顶部出现塑性破坏区并且范围逐渐扩大；综合得出宽度为40 m的防水煤柱可有效防止断层活化突水。Abstract: Confined water inrush caused by fault activation induced by coal mining under high in-situ stress is one of the main forms of water damage in deep mining. Reserving fault waterproof coal pillar is still the most important method to prevent fault activation and water diversion. We take F22 high angle normal fault in Qianyingzi Coal Mine as a typical example, based on the existing drilling, geophysical and roadway exploration data, the specific hydro-geological and engineering geological conditions of the coal mine, and according to the field test data, the finite difference numerical analysis method was used to study the width of the waterproof coal pillar under the full mining of the W3221 working face near F22 fault of Qianyingzi Coal Mine; at the same time, the width of the F22 fault waterproof coal pillar was calculated and verified according to the theoretical formula. The study shows that when the coal pillar width is less than 40 m, the stress and displacement of the fault zone have changed significantly, and the plastic zone in the fault zone has communicated with the water-conducting fracture zone of the coal seam roof. The comprehensive analysis of numerical simulation and theoretical calculation results show that the waterproof coal pillar with a width of 40 m can effectively prevent the fault activation and ensure the safe production of the working face.
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