基于三铰斜拱的不同宽度区段煤柱下底板应力变化规律研究
Research on stress variation law of floor under coal pillar with different widths based on three-hinged oblique arch
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摘要: 为获取上保护层充分采动后，区段煤柱影响下的上覆岩层结构及底板应力传递规律，基于三铰斜拱理论推导了合理拱轴线方程；数值模拟了不同宽度区段煤柱的保护层底板应力分布规律；基于三铰斜拱和弹性力学理论2种方法得到了保护层底板应力分布的解析解，并通过现场实测验证。研究表明：三铰斜拱形态参数与留设煤柱宽度、煤层开采高度、采空区卸压宽度等动态相关；当煤柱宽度大于15 m时，采空区底板重新压实区将产生三铰斜拱结构引起的附加应力，并且应力极值点随煤柱宽度增加而向采空区中心移动。现场试验得出被保护层回采巷道应内错布置，合理错距为10~20 m。Abstract: In order to obtain the overlying strata structure and the stress transfer law of floor under the influence of section coal pillar after the upper protective layer is fully mined, the rational arch axis equation is deduced based on the three-hinged inclined arch theory. The stress distribution of coal pillar floor with different widths is simulated numerically. Based on two methods of three-hinged inclined arch and elastic mechanics theory, the analytic solution of stress distribution of bottom plate of protective layer is obtained and verified by field measurement. The results show that the shape parameters of three-hinged inclined arch are dynamically correlated with the width of retained coal pillar, the mining height of coal seam and the pressure relief width of goaf. When the width of coal pillar is larger than 15 m, the additional stress caused by three-hinged inclined arch structure will occur in the re-compacted area of goaf floor, and the extreme stress point will move to the center of goaf with the increase of coal pillar width. The field test shows that the stoping roadway of protected layer should be arranged in the wrong way, and the reasonable wrong distance is 10-20 m.
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