Abstract: Based on the hazards of dust in the process of coal mining, transportation, storage and coal processing and utilization, as well as the economic burden brought to laborers, enterprises and the country, the application characteristics and latest research results of coal dust suppressor in recent years are discussed. The results show that the development of coal dust suppressor has gradually changed from the traditional efficiency enhanced type to the current multi-functional, multi-component, economic and environmental protection material type. Among them, microbial dust suppressor has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of coal dust suppressor with the advantages of high dust suppression efficiency, low cost and remarkable environmental protection performance.