矿用复合防灭火凝胶的制备与特性研究
Study on preparation and properties of composite fire prevention gel for mine
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摘要: 针对水玻璃凝胶失水开裂粉化、成胶时间不可控、抗压强度差以及有机凝胶流动性差、渗透范围小及成本高等问题,结合膨润土、粉煤灰胶体可塑性强,不开裂的特点;以钠基膨润土为主体原料,引入粉煤灰凝胶和水玻璃凝胶,采用一步混合法,制备了复合凝胶;通过凝胶成胶时间、抗压强度和黏度测试,探究了复合凝胶的最佳配比。复合凝胶的成胶时间在30 s~15 min之间可控,且固水比适应范围为1∶8~1∶16,具有宽固水比的特征,抗压强度最大达到25 MPa,在此基础上采用扫描电镜对复合凝胶防灭火材料的表面形貌进行了表征,分析了胶体的微观结构。结果表明:复合凝胶的微观结构中存在Al-O-Si三维网状结构与水化硅酸钙(C-S-H)和水化硅酸铝(A-S-H)等胶凝性产物相互交联而形成的网络结构,据此,提出了该复合凝胶的成胶机理。Abstract: In view of the problems of hydration cracking and powdering, uncontrollable gelation time and poor compressive strength of sodium silicate gel, poor fluidity, small penetration range and high cost of organic gel, combined with the characteristics of strong plasticity and non-cracking of bentonite and fly ash gel, by introducing fly ash and sodium silicate gel, the composite gel was prepared by one step mixing method with sodium bentonite as the main raw material. The optimum ratio of the composite gel was studied by gelation time, compressive strength and viscosity test. The gelation time of the composite gel is controllable between 30 s and 15 min, and the solid/water ratio is suitable from 1∶8 to 1∶16, which has the characteristics of wide solid/water ratio, and the maximum compressive strength is 25 MPa. On this basis, the surface morphology of composite gel fire prevention materials was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, and the microstructure of gel was analyzed. The results showed that Al-O-Si three-dimensional network structure was crosslinked with calcium silicate hydrate(C-S-H) and aluminum silicate hydrate(A-S-H) in the microstructure of the composite gel. Based on this, the gelling mechanism of the composite gel was proposed.
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