基于离散-连续耦合计算的露天矿边坡失稳特征与影响研究
Study on slope instability characteristics and influence of open-pit mine based on discrete-continuous coupling calculation
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摘要: 基于以离散-连续耦合计算方法，以某巨厚煤层露天煤矿靠帮开采后端帮边坡为研究背景，对边坡潜在失稳区域采用离散元方法建模分析滑坡特征、破坏过程、影响范围；对边坡基岩等变形量较小部分建立有限差分法网格，传递坡体内部应力、提高计算速度。结果表明：离散-连续耦合计算方法与有限差分法计算得到滑面位置相近，呈圆弧形滑坡；滑坡过程最先为坡面颗粒间黏结受侧向变形影响发生少量破坏，黏结破坏后颗粒向下滚落并堆积在边坡坡脚；随后滑体后缘出现张拉裂缝，滑面逐渐清晰，滑体前缘煤层错动，在逆倾构造影响下阻碍滑坡进一步发展；边坡下侧岩体优先破坏，随后破坏区域逐渐上移；滑坡结束后，边坡最上部580 m水平出现多处张拉裂缝，距坡肩61.37 m内有明显下沉，约为30 m；边坡岩层明显错动，下部煤台阶及顶板向临空面推挤，下部水平位移达42.39 m。Abstract: Based on discrete-continuous coupling method and taking the end slope after steep mining of thick coal seam open-pit coal mine as research background, the DEM is used to model and analyze the landslide characteristics, damage process and influence range in the potential instability area of the slope; the FDM grid is established for the small deformation part of the slope bedrock to transfer the internal stress of the slope body and improve the calculation speed. The results show that: the location of the slip surface calculated by the discrete-continuous coupled calculation method and the FDM is similar, and it is a circular-shaped landslide. The landslide process starts with a small amount of damage of the bond between the particles on the slope surface by lateral deformation, and the particles roll down and accumulate at the foot of the slope after the bond is broken; then tension cracks appear at the back edge of the slide body, and the slide surface is gradually clear, and the coal seam at the front edge of the slide body is misshapen, which hinders the further development of the slide under the influence of the reverse tilt structure. The rock mass on the lower side of the slope is damaged first, and then the damage area gradually moves up. After the landslide, there are many tensile cracks in the top 580 m level of the slope, and there is obvious subsidence at 61.37 m from the slope shoulder, about 30 m; the rock strata of the slope are obviously staggered, the lower coal steps and roof are pushed to the face of the air, and the horizontal displacement of the lower reaches 42.39 m.
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