Abstract: In order to study the relation between miners’ achievement goal orientation and safety performance, avoid unsafe behavior and improve miners’ safety performance, this paper uses the chain intermediary effect to study the early warning mechanism of workers’ safety performance, introduces anxiety and work input as intermediary variables, and studies front-line miners as the survey object. 380 miners were investigated by using miners’ achievement goal orientation scale, anxiety scale, work involvement scale and safety performance scale to study how miners’ psychological factors affect their safety performance. Finally, SPSS and AMOS software were used for empirical research, analysis and test. The results show that miners’ mastery approach goal is positively correlated with safety performance, and performance approach goal is positively correlated with safety performance; anxiety and job involvement have mediating and chain mediating effects between achievement goals and safety performance; safety performance can be improved through achievement goal orientation.