Abstract: Taking a coal mine of Datong Coal Mine Group as an example. The stability analysis of coal pillar failure and overlying rock in different coal seams in the mining area is carried out, the influence depth of building load is calculated, and the scope of goaf affected by the proposed building is analyzed. The residual deformation coefficient is introduced to analyze the surface movement deformation, and the treatment category, treatment scope and residual cavity volume of surface buildings are determined. Finally, ground grouting is proposed. For the goaf with different buried depths, different amounts of grouting are adopted to fill the multi-layer goaf with grouting to improve the stability of coal strata in the goaf and ensure the safe construction and use of ground buildings. This study provides an analysis method and corresponding treatment scheme for the construction and stability of the proposed buildings above the multi-coal goaf.