可封闭火区的泄爆门结构设计及性能研究
Structural design and performance research of explosion venting door in enclosed fire zone
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摘要: 针对目前煤矿泄爆装置的不足，设计了新的泄爆门，对结构、泄爆机理及有益增效进行了论述，运用FLUENT软件在不同工况条件下进行瓦斯爆炸模拟，通过监测爆炸压力、火焰温度和火焰速度分析其变化规律，验证泄爆门的泄爆效果。结果表明：在瓦斯体积分数为9.5%工况下，防爆墙产生的爆炸压力峰值最大，压力衰减后一直维持在0.29 MPa，高压环境下对巷道内围岩和设备造成持续损坏，而泄爆门能够快速泄压，使火区达到无新风封闭状态，减少二次爆炸和次生灾害的发生；在瓦斯体积分数5.5%~11.5%工况下，瓦斯爆炸特性参数整体变化规律相同，随着瓦斯体积分数的增大，瓦斯爆炸特性参数先增大后减小；泄爆门的泄爆能力与瓦斯体积分数无关，无论瓦斯体积分数如何变化均以相同时间泄压和封闭火区。Abstract: Aiming at the shortcomings of the current coal mine explosion venting devices, a new explosion venting door is designed, and its structure, explosion venting mechanism and beneficial efficiency enhancement are discussed. FLUENT software was used to simulate gas explosion under different working conditions and the change laws of explosion pressure, flame temperature and flame speed were analyzed by monitoring, and the explosion venting effect of the explosion vent door was verified. The results show that when the gas mass fraction is 9.5%, it is found that the explosion pressure peak generated by the explosion-proof wall is the largest, and the pressure is maintained at 0.29 MPa after attenuation, and the surrounding rock and equipment in the roadway are continuously damaged under high-pressure environment. The explosion venting door can quickly release the pressure, so that the fire area can be closed without fresh air, and reduce the occurrence of secondary explosions and secondary disasters. Under the working condition of gas mass fraction 5.5%-11.5%, the overall change law of gas explosion characteristic parameters is the same. As the gas volume fraction increases, the gas explosion characteristic parameters first increase and then decrease. The explosion venting capacity of the explosion venting door has nothing to do with the gas volume fraction, however the gas volume fraction changes, the pressure is released and the fire area is closed at the same time.
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