Abstract: The existing research on the morphology characteristics of solid residues of coal dust explosion is qualitative. In order to quantitatively study the morphology characteristics of solid residues of coal dust explosion, the 20 L spherical explosion system was used to carry out the coal dust explosion experiments of lignite, long flame coal, gas coal and anthracite. The scanning electron microscope （ＳＥＭ） combined with Image Pro Plus software was used to quantitatively analyze the morphology of solid residue. The results show that the maximum explosion pressure and the maximum explosion pressure rise rate of lignite dust explosion are the largest, and the combustion duration is the shortest; the maximum explosion pressure and the maximum explosion pressure rise rate of anthracite dust explosion are the smallest, but the combustion duration is the longest. Compared with the original coal dust, the diameter distribution range of the solid residues of the four kinds of coal dust explosion is obviously expanded; the number of the residues in the sub high order and high order roundness regions is increased; the morphology fractal dimension is also increased. Among them, anthracite dust explosion solid residues in the high-order diameter region and high-order roundness region have the largest proportion of particles, and the fractal dimension of morphology distribution is the largest. The proportion of particles in thehigh-order diameter region and high-order roundness region is the lowest, and the fractal dimension of morphology distribution is also the smallest.