Abstract: The experiment of electric pulse cracking of anthracite coal from Jiaozishan Coal Mine in Guizhou Province was carried out by using the electric pulse experimental system of fracturing and enhancing permeability of coal. Combined with industrial analysis, Fourier infrared spectroscopy and isothermal adsorption experimental methods, the changes of peak current, coal functional group structure and methane adsorption capacity under different breakdown voltages were studied. The results show that the process of electrical pulse breakdown of coal samples mainly goes through thermal breakdown, electrical breakdown and residual stages. Meanwhile, the peak current of breakdown coal samples increases with the increase of breakdown voltage and presents an exponential trend. The functional group structure of coal treated with electric pulse changes obviously, the CH absorption peak increases with the increase of breakdown voltage, while the absorption peaks of C=C, -CH₃, -CH₂ and -OH decrease. The limit adsorption capacity a value of high-voltage pulse impact coal is lower than that of raw coal, and the adsorption constant b value fluctuates with the increase of breakdown voltage, indicating that after coal treated with electric pulse, the adsorption capacity of coal is significantly reduced, which is conducive to the efficient exploitation of coalbed methane.