Abstract: In order to protect and utilize water resources in coal mining, academician GU Dazhao has put forward the theoretical framework and technical system of coal mine underground reservoir with “guiding storage and use” as the core after 20 years of technical exploration and engineering practice in Shendong Mining Area. Based on this, the adaptive conditions for the construction of coal mine underground reservoir are discussed, the design system with the core of reservoir site selection, storage capacity design, spatio-temporal sequence of sub-reservoirs, design of coal pillar dam, design of artificial dam and joint, pipe network and roadway layout, water diversion system, safety monitoring system is constructed.