Abstract: In order to further improve the prevention and control level of abnormal gas emission risk in coal mines, the feasibility of combining the prevention and control system of abnormal gas emission risk with immune mechanism was explored. On the basis of expatiating the structure, function and defense mechanism of the risk prevention and control system of abnormal gas emission and biological immune system, the coupling between the risk prevention and control system of abnormal gas emission and biological immune system is studied from the aspects of action object, action mechanism, function and corresponding relationship. The results show that the mechanism of immune system against antigens can be used as a reference for the prevention and control of abnormal gas emission risk. The risk prevention and control system of abnormal gas emission also has “specific immunity” and “nonspecific immunity”. The inducing factor of abnormal gas emission is “antigen”, and the occurrence of abnormal gas emission is “disease” produced in the system.