Abstract: Safety behavior for new generation miners plays a vital role in coal mine safety production, and is of great significance to reducing the occurrence of safety accidents. In order to explore the influence mechanism of safety cognition for new generation miners on safety behavior, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 213 new generation miners to collect data. A structural equation model was established by using AMOS software to analyze the influence of safety cognition for new generation on safety behavior and the effect of unsafe behavior intention in the two. The results show that safety cognition for new generation miners has a significant positive influence on participatory behavior, and a significant negative influence on unsafe behavior intention. Unsafe behavior intention has a significant negative influence on submissive behavior and participatory behavior, and unsafe behavior intention plays an intermediary role between safety cognition for new generation and participatory behavior.