基于双IGT任务的矿工风险决策试验研究
An experimental study on risk decision of miners based on dual IGT task
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摘要: 为研究矿工个人风险决策倾向，控制人因事故的发生，降低煤矿事故发生率，保证煤矿生命和财产的安全，选用双爱荷华博弈任务（IGT）试验与调查问卷相结合的方法，邀请高平某煤矿矿工作为参与者进行实证研究，研究所获得的数据采用SPSS 25.0、GraphPad Prism 5.0和EXCEL 19.0等软件进行分析处理。结果表明：将试验中纸牌的选择次数进行检验,“突出奖励”试验中，参与者风险决策冒险倾向不明显；而“突出惩罚”试验中，参与者对高额惩罚条件下风险决策倾向更冒险，对低额惩罚条件下冒险决策倾向更保守；将试验中5个模块的净分数进行混合测量方差分析,“突出惩罚”条件下，参与者的风险决策更保守，而“突出奖励”条件下，参与者的风险决策倾向更冒险；“突出奖励”条件下，净分数与风险偏好及正向情绪边缘相关显著， “突出惩罚”条件下，净分数与特质自我控制显著相关，与其他变量不相关或存在弱相关。Abstract: In order to study the risk decision-making tendency of miners, control the occurrence of human accidents, reduce the incidence of coal mine accidents, and ensure the safety of life and property in the coal mine, the dual Iowa Game Task（ＩＧＴ） experiment combined with questionnaire was adopted to invite miners from a coal mine in Gaoping as participants for empirical research. The data obtained in the study were analyzed and processed by software such as SPSS 25.0, GraphPad Prism 5.0 and Excel 19.0. The results showed that the participants’ risk tendency was not obvious in the “highlight reward” test, while in the “highlight punishment” test, participants’ risk tendency was more risky in the condition of high penalty, and more conservative in the condition of low penalty. Mixed measure analysis of variance（ＡＮＯＶ） on the net scores of the five modules in the experiment showed that participants tended to make more conservative risk decisions under the “highlight penalty” condition, while participants tended to make more risky risk decisions under the “highlight reward” condition. In the “highlight reward” condition, net score was significantly correlated with risk preference and positive emotional margin, while in the “highlight punishment” condition, net score was significantly correlated with trait self-control, but had no correlation or weak correlation with other variables.
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