低温处理煤岩结构演化及单轴力学特性研究
Research on structural evolution and uniaxial mechanical properties of coal and rock treated at low temperature
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摘要: 为了研究不同低温对煤岩力学及声发射特性的影响，以阳泉新景煤矿15#煤层无烟煤所制备的原煤为研究对象，利用自主研发的WYS-800微机控制电液伺服单轴试验装置、低温冷冻环境箱及美国物理声学公司的声发射试验装置，深入分析了在20、0、-20、-40、-196 ℃（液氮）处理过程中煤样的力学及声发射特性。结果表明：原煤煤样峰值强度与损伤强度随冷处理温度降低呈先升高后减小趋势；损伤强度/峰值强度的比值随着温度地降低不断增大，说明随着冷冲击温度的降低煤样更易破裂；在0～-20 ℃，煤样破坏形式复杂，脆性特性明显；温度降低煤样破坏主要以剪切破坏为主，且形式单一；低温处理对煤样的致裂作用会破坏煤内部结构，在降低煤样整体强度的同时使其内部形成结构弱面；声发射信号幅值随着处理温度的不断降低，其信号的密集程度及整体数值大小均不断降低。Abstract: In order to study the influence of different low temperatures on coal rock mechanics and acoustic emission characteristics, the raw coal prepared from the 15# coal seam anthracite in Yangquan Xinjing Coal Mine was used as the research object. The refrigerated environment box and the acoustic emission test device of American Physical Acoustics Company deeply analyzed the mechanical and acoustic emission characteristics of coal samples during the treatment process at 20 ℃, 0 ℃, -20 ℃, -40 ℃ and -196 ℃（ｌｉｑｕｉｄ ｎｉｔｒｏｇｅｎ）． The results show that the peak strength and damage strength of the raw coal sample increase first and then decrease with the decrease of cold treatment temperature; the ratio of damage strength/peak strength increases with the decrease of temperature, indicating that the coal sample decreases with the decrease of cold shock temperature. It’s easier to break. At 0 ℃ to -20 ℃, the coal sample has a complex failure form and obvious brittleness characteristics; the coal sample failure with a lower temperature is mainly shear failure, and the form is single. The cracking effect of low temperature treatment on the coal sample will destroy the internal structure of the coal, reducing the overall strength of the coal sample and forming a weak surface inside the coal sample. With the continuous decrease of the processing temperature of the acoustic emission signal amplitude, the intensity of the signal and the overall numerical value continue to decrease.
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Keywords:
- low temperature treatment /
- stress /
- acoustic emission /
- coal body failure /
- uniaxial compression
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