露天煤矿内排土场台阶高度优化与稳定性研究
Study on step height optimization and slope stability of dump in opencast coal mine
-
摘要: 露天煤矿排土场台阶高度的提高对矿山有着积极意义，但排土场所容纳的物料非均质且离散性极强，并在高度增大后下部物料表现出的力学特性存有差异，因此在提高排土台阶高度的同时需要评价边坡安全稳定性，从安全的角度出发优化台阶高度。通过对新疆天池能源南露天煤矿内排土场所取得的散体物料进行室内试验与数值模拟，得到物料在不同固结压力下的力学特性。通过离散元数值模拟的手段，得到了不同区域不同高度下的排土场台阶安全稳定系数的变化规律。研究结果表明：固结压力的增大，试样内部的胶结程度会提高，力学强度增大；内排土场边坡失稳会出现圆弧形滑坡，初期表现为坡顶处不均匀沉降，后期为坡面颗粒大量滚落；强度折减在超过安全稳定系数后，坡面的颗粒会出现速度突变；安全稳定系数与台阶高度呈对数函数变化，最下部排土台阶稳定性均优于普通排土台阶，且在高度在75 m时都无法保持稳定。Abstract: Open-pit mine step height increase has positive significance for the enterprise, but the material of the dump is heterogeneous and discrete, and the mechanical properties of the lower materials are different with the increase of the height, so, it is necessary to refine the evaluation of the safety and stability of the slope while improving the height of the soil dumping step, and to optimize the height of the step from the perspective of safety. In this paper, the mechanical properties of the material under different consolidation pressures are obtained through laboratory test and numerical simulation of the material obtained from the dumping site of the open-pit mine in Tianchi Energy South Open-pit Mine, Xinjiang. By means of DEM numerical simulation, the change rule of the safety and stability coefficient of the dump steps in different areas and at different heights was obtained. The results show that with the increase of consolidation pressure, the degree of internal cementation and the mechanical strength of the sample increase. The instability of the inner dump slope will lead to circular arc landslide, which is characterized by uneven settlement at the top of the slope in the initial stage, and a large amount of slope particles rolling down in the later stage. When the strength reduction exceeds the safety stability factor, the velocity of the particles on the slope will change abruptly. The safety and stability coefficient and the step height change as a logarithmic function. The stability of the bottom dump step is better than that of the common dump step, and the bottom dump step cannot maintain stability when the height is 75 m.
-
Keywords:
- open-pit mine /
- slope stability /
- DEM /
- high bench dumping /
- SRM （ｓｔｒｅｎｇｔｈ ｒｅｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ ｍｅｔｈｏｄ）
-
-
[1] 田会，白润才，赵浩．中国露天采矿的成就及发展趋势[J]．露天采矿技术，2019，34（1）：1－9. TIAN Hui, BAI Runcai, ZHAO Hao. Achievement and developing trend of open-pit mining in China[J]. Opencast Mining Technology, 2019, 34（1）: 1-9.
[2] 王国法，刘峰，孟祥军，等．煤矿智能化（初级阶段）研究与实践[J]．煤炭科学技术，2019，47（8）：1－36. WANG Guofa, LIU Feng, MENG Xiangjun, et al. Research and practice on intelligent coal mine construction（primary stage）[J]. Coal Science and Technology, 2019, 47（8）:1-36.
[3] Jitendra Ahirwal, Subodh Kumar Maiti. Assessment of soil properties of different land uses generated due to surface coal mining activities in tropical Sal（ Shorea robusta ）forest, India[J]. Catena, 2016, 140:. [4] 杨华清．山谷型弃渣场粒组级配分布规律及边坡稳定性研究[D]．泰安：山东农业大学，2019. [5] 周伟．露天煤矿抛掷爆破拉斗铲倒堆与时效边坡多参数耦合机理[D]．徐州：中国矿业大学，2010. [6] 田华．准东露天矿软岩边坡动力失稳规律及高段内排安全控制技术研究[D]．徐州：中国矿业大学，2019. [7] 艾啸韬，王光进，张超，等．宽级配废石的高排土场稳定性研究[J]．岩土力学，2020，41（11）：3777－3788. AI Xiaotao, WANG Guangjin, ZHANG Chao, et al. Stability analysis of high dump with wide graded waste rock[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2020, 41（11）: 3777-3788.
[8] 翟文龙，周汉民，陈斌．某高台阶排土场基底承载力与极限堆高分析[J]．有色金属（矿山部分），2015，67（6）：89－92. ZHAI Wenlong, ZHOU Hanmin, CHEN Bin. Analysis of foundation base bearing capacity and limiting dump height of a waste-dump with high bench[J]. Nonferrous Metals（Mining Section）, 2015, 67（6）: 89-92.
[9] 蔡利平，李钢，史文中．增地节地型露天矿排土场优化设计[J]．煤炭学报，2013，38（12）：2208. CAI Liping, LI Gang, SHI Wenzhong. Optimal design for land expanding and conserving open-pit dump[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2013, 38（12）: 2208.
[10] JTG 3430—2020 公路土工试验规程[S]. [11] 宋仁忠，韩兴，杨日，等．基于岩土重塑特性的排土场分层和稳定性评价方法[J]．煤矿安全，2020，51（12）：283－287. SONG Renzhong, HAN Xing, YANG Ri, et al. Layered and stability evaluation method of waste dump based on remolding characteristics of rock and soil[J]. Safety in Coal Mines, 2020, 51（12）: 283-287.
[12] P A Cundall, O D L Strack. Discussion: A discrete numerical model for granular assemblies[J]. Géotechnique,1979, 29（1）: 47-65. [13] 石崇，张强，王盛年．颗粒流（ＰＦＣ5．0）数值模拟技术与应用[Ｍ]．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2018. [14] 尹小涛，郑亚娜，马双科．基于颗粒流数值试验的岩土材料内尺度比研究[J]．岩土力学，2011，32（4）：1211－1215. YIN Xiaotao, ZHENG Yana, MA Shuangke. Study of inner scale ratio of rock and soil material based on numerical tests of particle flow code[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2011, 32（4）: 1211-1215.
计量
- 文章访问数: 132
- HTML全文浏览量: 0
- PDF下载量: 34
下载:
