基于切顶卸压技术的动压巷道力学响应破坏机制试验研究
Experimental study on mechanical response failure mechanism of dynamic pressure roadway based on roof cutting and pressure releasing technology
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摘要: 针对动压巷道围岩变形速度快、变形量大、变形方式复杂等现状，采用现场测试及理论计算方法，设计了工作面端头顶板和采空区侧煤柱顶板水压致裂切顶卸压方案，分析了动压巷道悬臂梁超前支承压力及弧形三角板侧向支承压力破坏效应，研究了动压巷道叠加力学响应破坏机制，提出了小保当矿动压强顶弱帮巷道控制对策。结果表明：采取工作面端头顶板切顶卸压可有效控制回采帮变形；采取相邻采空区煤柱顶板切顶卸压可有效控制煤柱帮变形；回采帮及煤柱帮承载力与超前及侧向支承压力有关。结合具体巷道回采帮及煤柱帮变形破坏现状，确定了动压巷道切顶卸压方案；小保当矿二次动压强顶弱帮巷道，应采取切顶卸压-强帮护顶技术，保证工作面安全回采。Abstract: In this paper, according to the current situation of fast deformation, large deformation amount and complicated deformation method of surrounding rock in dynamic pressure roadway, using field test and theoretical calculation method, the hydraulic roof cracking and roof cutting of working face end and gob side coal pillar roof are designed. The failure effect of cantilever beam in advance bearing pressure and arc triangle plate lateral bearing pressure in dynamic pressure roadway is analyzed, the failure mechanism of superimposed mechanical response in dynamic pressure roadway is studied, and the control countermeasures of dynamic pressure roof weak wall roadway in Xiaobaodang Mine is proposed. The results show that the pressure of the roof at the end of the working face can be effectively reduced to control the deformation of the mining roof. Adopting the cutting and pressure relief of the coal pillar roof of the adjacent goaf can effectively control the deformation of the coal pillar. The bearing capacity of the mining side and coal pillar is related to the leading and lateral supporting pressure. Combined with the actual deformation and failure status of the concrete roadway mining side and coal pillar, the dynamic pressure roadway cutting and pressure relief plan is determined. Secondary dynamic pressure strong roof weak wall roadway of Xiaobaodang Mine should adopt cutting roof pressure relief-strong roof protection technology to ensure safe mining of working face.
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