Abstract: In order to reduce the harm caused by serious accidents in coal mines and improve the emergency management capabilities of coal mines, based on the theory of extension theory, this paper establishes an extension model for coal mine emergency management capability evaluation. By constructing a coal mine emergency management capability evaluation index system, the first-level index weight and the second-level index extension weight are determined, and the application analysis of a multi-level extension evaluation for a coal mine in Shanxi Province is carried out to determine the evaluation level of the emergency management capability of the coal mine. The results show that the mine emergency management capability evaluation level is Ⅱ, which is good. Facts have proved that it is reasonable and feasible to introduce extenics in the evaluation of coal mine emergency management capabilities, which provides a new research idea and direction for the evaluation of coal mine emergency management capabilities.