Abstract: In order to optimize the advanced detection effect of geological structure in the mining area of high-gas, based on the theory of seismic wave velocity and seismic reflection in seismic exploration, used the principle of negative velocity, with the hammer excitation as the seismic source, and the distributed acquisition system and the capsule detector as the combination, and the diffraction depth migration algorithm as the optimization, we proposed a portable, efficient and fine seismic wave advance detection system. The results show that the system can reduce the interference of the side wall and the rear geological anomaly, improve the equipment applicability and sensitivity, optimize the data inversion results, and realize efficient, fine and reliable advanced detection of the geological structure in the mining area of high-gas. The detection effect is ideal and the results are reliable.