Abstract: In order to study the buffering and energy absorption effect of pressure-relief coal on impact energy, the local model of the surrounding rock of the roadway was established by the particle flow software. We analyzed the impact energy buffering effect of the intact coal body and the pressure-relief coal body, and buffer energy absorption effect of pressure-relief coal with different damage degrees and broken depths, changes in the force of the supporting body under the conditions of different damage degrees and fracture depths. The results show: compared with the intact coal body, the impact energy consumption of the pressure-relief coal body with a damage degree of 40% is twice that aof the intact coal body, and the energy absorption effect of the pressure-relief coal body is much higher than that of the intact coal body; with the increase of the damage degree or crushing depth of the pressure-relief coal body, the force of the support body under the static load increases, but the force of the support body decreases under the impact action, the buffer effect of the strong pressure-relief coal body on the impact energy is more obvious, but the support strength under static load increases accordingly; when the damage degree of the pressure relief coal body is 40% and the crushing depth is 3 meters, the pressure-relief coal body can achieve an ideal buffering energy absorption effect.