近距离缓倾斜煤层群开采工作面自燃防治技术
Prevention and control technology of spontaneous combustion in mining face of closely inclined coal seam group
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摘要: 以屯宝煤矿为例,分析了M9-10、M14、M15等自燃煤层布置的工作面在撤架期间出现自燃征兆的原因:各煤层工作面开采后,与上覆采空区形成复合采空区并与地表之间形成复杂的漏风通道;加之工作面布置设备多、支架吨位大,且受限于回撤工艺,支架拆解困难,导致工作面回撤周期大大延长;因此采空区破碎煤体蓄热条件充足,并超过煤层最短发火期,从而出现自燃征兆。为使工作面能顺利撤架,针对撤架期间采空区松散煤体的自燃特性,提出“全程监测、管风降氧、控制煤温、优化工艺”的防灭火思路,采取采空区保压控氧、注氮注浆联合减氧降温、高低位钻孔注浆靶向治理发热条带等综合防灭火技术措施,保障工作面长时间撤架工作下的安全。Abstract: Taking Tunbao Coal Mine as an example, the reasons for spontaneous combustion signs during working face layout of spontaneous coal seams such as M9-10, M14, M15 were analyzed: after the mining of each coal face, the complex goaf is formed with the overlying goaf and the complex air leakage passage is formed between it and the surface; in addition, the working face is equipped with equipment and the tonnage of the bracket is large, and it is limited by the withdrawal process, and the bracket disassembly is difficult, resulting in a greatly extended withdrawal period of the working face; therefore, the heat storage condition of broken coal body in goaf is sufficient, and it exceeds the shortest firing period of coal seam, thus spontaneous combustion signs appear. In order to allow the working face to be withdrawn smoothly, according to the spontaneous combustion characteristics of the loose coal in the goaf during the removal, the fire extinguishing ideas of “full monitoring, pipe wind oxygen reduction, coal temperature control, and optimized process” were proposed. Comprehensive fire-fighting technical measures, such as pressure maintaining and oxygen control in goaf, nitrogen injection grouting combined with oxygen reducing and cooling, and targeted treatment of heating strips by high and low position drilling grouting, are adopted to ensure the safety of the working face when it is removed from the pedestal for a long time.
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