Abstract: Master the dynamic instability response characteristics of underground coal and rock triggered by shock wave is a necessary condition to prevent disturbance rock burst. So, FLAC3D software was used to develop the dynamic function. And the instability response characteristics of roadways roof, floor and two groups were analyzed under the condition of different positions and magnitude of shock wave. The results show that maximum principal stress of roadway surrounding rock shocked wildly and the highest can reach 2 times of its initial state. The shock waves generated from the roadway floor have larger influence on the roof of the roadway (especially the top corner). The order of influence on the roof deformation under the 4 loading schemes is B1, B2, A1, A2. The plastic zones gradually extended to the roadway and eventually connected to the source area after shock wave exerted. The angles location of the roof and floor of rectangular tunnels is prone to disasters, such as rock burst.