Abstract: In view of the problems, such as coal wall spalling, roof caving and low recovery rate of top coal in 250107-1 fully mechanized caving face of Huating Coal Mine at present, the method of combining FLAC3D numerical analysis and theoretical calculation was used to comprehensively analyze the mining height, coal mining step, and the effect of coal mining method on the stability of coal wall and the recovery rate of top coal in fully mechanized top coal caving face. The results show that when the mining height is 3.5 m and the mining to caving ratio is 1∶2.66, the bearing capacity of the coal body can be better used to effectively alleviate the disaster of the coal wall; through the coordination of the caving step and the caving method, the best configuration can be achieved in 250107-1 fully mechanized caving face of Huating Coal Mine when the selected caving step is 0.8 m and the multi-interval caving is adopted, and the top coal recovery rate can reach 81.9%.