Abstract: The research background is Shengtai Qingwa Coal Industry of Jinmei Group, which adopts narrow coal pillar for the first time to carry out goaf roadway excavation technology. The 2203 fully mechanized caving face was selected as the test area, by combining theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and engineering practice, the range value of coal pillar can be calculated by means of self-stabilizing capacity and ultimate bearing strength of coal pillar, numerical software was used to analyze the stress distribution and deformation of surrounding rocks along the goaf roadway, and the width of the narrow pillar was determined to be 5 m; field monitoring results show that: after the support, the roof deformation along the goaf roadway is 112-125 mm, the side movement of the solid coal is 109 mm, and the side movement of the narrow pillar is 122 mm, the control effect of surrounding rock along the roadway is good and can meet the production requirements.