Abstract: This paper summarizes all kinds of influencing factors of spontaneous combustion of gangue hill, introduces various comprehensive technical measures for controlling spontaneous combustion, such as barrier method, irrigation method, grouting method, low temperature inert gas method, and analyzes the influence of materials on grouting fire-extinguishing effect. The problems in the process of prevention and control of spontaneous combustion of gangue hill at present and the development trend in the later stage are proposed: study more perfect self-ignition mechanism and combustion model, search for efficient and economical fire extinguishing materials, establish a comprehensive spontaneous combustion determination system and hazard evaluation system, combining remote sensing and 5G technology to achieve comprehensive air-ground monitoring and providing guarantee for the prevention and accurate control of spontaneous combustion, in-depth study on gangue cleaning technology to realize multi-field application, and strengthen the development of new technology of gangue hill fire-fighting, explore new comprehensive management train of thought that combining ecological restoration technology with land secondary use.