Abstract: Surface deformation caused by mining in mountainous areas is complex and special, and surface damage is often caused by many factors. In view of the fact that conventional monitoring methods can not accurately determine the causes of abnormal building damage, taking the mining of 15110 working face Baiyangling Coal Mine as an example, taking SBAS-InSAR as a technical means, with the aid of Sentinel-1 data of 8 scenes, the spatial distribution characteristics of surface deformation in the study area are interpreted and the causes of housing damage. In this paper, the differences between the interpreted surface deformation and the existing subsidence laws are analyzed, and the influence boundary and time series subsidence characteristics of mining area are analyzed. It is concluded that the slope stability changes due to the uneven movement of the soil in the mountain area, and the slow sliding of the slope due to the presence of the component of the soil self-weight is the main cause of the damage to the village buildings.