Abstract: We select a representative coal mine in Guizhou Province as the research object, conduct on-site investigation and data collection, adopt Romanian occupational accident and occupational disease risk assessment method (MLSP method), International Mining and Metals Committee occupational health risk assessment model (ICMM model) and occupational hazard operation class-ification method. These three occupational health risk assessment methods were used for health risk assessment, and the advantages and disadvantages of the three models were compared and analyzed. The results show that the MLSP model determines that the coal mine worker’s exposure to dust is a medium risk level; the ICMM model quantitative method determines that the coal mine worker’s exposure to dust is an intolerable risk level, and the ICMM model matrix method determines that the health risk the coal miner’s exposure to dust is medium risk or low risk; the occupational disease hazard operation classification method determines that the coal mine worker’s risk level of exposure to dust is Class I mild hazard operation. According to the research status of the coal mine enterprise, the risk management measures are proposed from the government, the enterprise itself and the coal miners.