多种职业健康风险评估法在煤矿企业粉尘危害评估中的应用
Application of Multiple Occupational Health Risk Assessment Methods in Dust Hazard Assessment of Coal Mine Enterprise
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摘要: 选取贵州某代表性的煤矿为研究对象,进行现场调查与数据收集,采用罗马尼亚职业事故和职业病风险评估方法(MLSP法)、国际采矿与金属委员会职业健康风险评估模型(ICMM模型)和职业病危害作业分级法这3种职业健康风险评估方法进行健康风险评价,并对比分析3种模型评估结果的优缺点。结果表明:MLSP模型判定该煤矿工人接触粉尘的健康风险为中等风险水平;ICMM模型定量法判定该煤矿工人接触粉尘的健康风险为不可容忍的风险水平,ICMM模型矩阵法判定该煤矿工人接触粉尘的健康风险为中等风险或者低风险;职业病危害作业分级法判定该煤矿工人接触粉尘的风险等级为Ⅰ级轻度危害作业。并针对该煤矿企业研究现状从政府、企业自身以及煤矿工人等3方面提出风险管理措施。Abstract: We select a representative coal mine in Guizhou Province as the research object, conduct on-site investigation and data collection, adopt Romanian occupational accident and occupational disease risk assessment method (MLSP method), International Mining and Metals Committee occupational health risk assessment model (ICMM model) and occupational hazard operation class-ification method. These three occupational health risk assessment methods were used for health risk assessment, and the advantages and disadvantages of the three models were compared and analyzed. The results show that the MLSP model determines that the coal mine worker’s exposure to dust is a medium risk level; the ICMM model quantitative method determines that the coal mine worker’s exposure to dust is an intolerable risk level, and the ICMM model matrix method determines that the health risk the coal miner’s exposure to dust is medium risk or low risk; the occupational disease hazard operation classification method determines that the coal mine worker’s risk level of exposure to dust is Class I mild hazard operation. According to the research status of the coal mine enterprise, the risk management measures are proposed from the government, the enterprise itself and the coal miners.
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