Abstract: To eliminate the threat of water disasters from abandoned coal mines to nearby productive coal mines, by investigating the mining spatial relationship between abandoned coal mines, surface water bodies and productive coal mines and occurrence conditions of water inrush in Huainan old mining area, there are three ways of water inrush: surface water inrush through water flowing fractured zone, flood inrush through abandoned mines and goaf water inrush through damaged waterproof coal pillar. The study shows that safety coal (rock) pillars of nearby productive coal mines are destroyed, water inrush channels are formed and water storage space is generated because of illegal mining in abandoned coal mines, resulting in the water inrush under the hydraulic action of the surface and groundwater. Therefore, we proposed that “underground isolation, ground plugging and drainage, monitoring and dispatching, emergency disposal and water hazard elimination” for three-dimensional control water hazards of the abandoned mines from the three aspects of productive coal mine safety protection, monitoring and emergency response and eliminating water hazard. The engineering practice shows that the water disasters of abandoned coal mines can be prevented and treated. They have been eliminated and good safety effect has been obtained in Huainan Mining Area since 2007.